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The failure control methods of ion exchangers are: 1. Detection and control principle The adsorption sequence of strong acid cation resin to various cations in water is: Fe3+>Al3+>Ca2+>Mg2+>Na+>H+.; It can be seen that the ability of metal ion Na+ to be adsorbed in water is the weakest, so when the ion exchange, the various ion adsorption layers of the resin layer gradually move down, and H+. is finally replaced by other cations. When the protective layer wears When it is transparent, the Na+ in the bottom layer is the first to leak; therefore, the supervision of the failure of the cation exchanger is based on the leakage of sodium; the reaction equation is (A represents a metal cation, and R is a resin group): An++nRH=RnA+ nH+ HCO3-+H+=H2O+CO2↑ The adsorption sequence of strong basic anion resin to various anions in water is: SO42->NO3->Cl->OH->HCO3->HSiO3-. It can be seen that the adsorption capacity of HSiO3- is the weakest, so when the ion exchange, the various ion adsorption layers of the resin layer gradually move down, and OH- is replaced by other anions. When the protective layer penetrates, the first leak is The lowest layer of HSiO3-; therefore, the supervision of the failure of the anion exchanger is based on the leakage of silicon; the reaction equation is (B represents the acid radical anion, R is the resin group): Bm-+mROH=RmB+mOH- 2. Control point And control method Since the parent control system includes a unit system, and it has the advantages of fully using resin, improving the water output capacity of the exchanger, and reducing acid and alkali consumption, we mainly discuss ion exchange based on this structure in our research. Desalinated water treatment system. 1) The removal rate of RO for various organic solutes is greater than that of NF membrane.
2) The removal rates of different organic solutes are different, and some even vary greatly (for example, the absorbance removal rates of RO and NF membranes for acetic acid are 95.34% and 81.45% respectively, while the absorbance removal rates for aniline are 61.50% respectively , 46.82%). 3. Effluent water quality After the raw water is desalinated by the first-stage double bed, the conductivity (25°C) is lower than 10μS/cm, and the silicon content in the water is lower than 100μg/L.
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